Occipital neuralgia is a condition that causes pain in the back of the head and neck. The pain is often caused by damage or inflammation of the occipital nerves, which are located at the base of the skull. Headaches are the most common symptom of occipital neuralgia, but the condition can also cause tenderness, aching, and burning sensations. In severe cases, the pain may be so severe that it interferes with daily activities. Treatment for occipital neuralgia typically involves a combination of medication and physical therapy. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to relieve the pain.